Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021)

CONTENTSNeurobiological Features and Their Impact on the Intellect and Behavior of the Institutionalized Child [5]Bogdan Marius ISTRATE,Alina Budacu AIAZZIABSTRACT: Institutionalized children often suffer from a vulnerability and neglect that can affect their lives throughout its course, leaving even the sequelae that imprint them and a certain delay in their hormonal, physical and emotional-behavioural development. The environment from which these children come, the family particularities and the nature of the institutionalization, are decisive factors that exert their action and impact in time, often leaving irreversible wounds with a sufficiently visible imprint on the adult life. This article is intended for the analysis of some retroactive findings, observed in institutionalized children aged between 2 and 8 years, findings from more special points of view that have not been the subject of many publications found in the literature. Thus, are described particularities of behavior during institutionalization as well as “post-institutional syndrome”, cerebral impairments at the neurobiological and neurogenetic level, delays and deviations in the development of the intellect and, subsequently, their integration into society.Keywords: neuropsychiatry, child, behavior, neurobiology, institutionalized, development, delay The Role of Personality Traits in Developing Resilience [13]Simona MARICAAlexandra MAFTEIABSTRACT: The research aimed at obtaining information about the impact personality traits have on one person’s resilience. Instruments: We used three tests, namely: 1) The Holmes-Rahe Stress Scale – for determining the adverse events lived by the respondent; 2) The Wellbeing Scale – for determining the wellbeing perceived by the respondent; 3) The 5-Neo-PI-RInventory – for evaluating the personality traits of the respondents. The results obtained upon having the questionnaires filled in were evaluated using SPSS. Results: The research aimed at verifying some hypothesis which were built starting from the personality traits within the 5-Neo-Pi-R questionnaire: neuroticism, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness, extraversion, allowing to draw a conclusion for obtaining an answer to the question: which personality traits are specific to resilient persons? The answer to this question can be used both for improving the results obtained in psychotherapy, and also in developing new studies on resilience, so that knowing it might be used at a larger scale, increasing as much as possible the efficiency of the psychotherapy process.Keywords: resilience, personality, neuroticism, conscientiousness Effectiveness of Stop Smoking Program. Identifying Variables That Can Predict the Success of the Smoking Cessation Process [21]Amira RĂDULESCUMagdalena CIOBANURaluca SFETCUABSTRACT: According to the WHO, tobacco kills about half of its consumers, almost 7 million people a year, of whom nearly 1 million are passive smokers. Europe has a worryingly high level (28%) regarding the prevalence of smoking among people over the age of 15 and the adolescent segment. These issues make tobacco use an epidemic. The “Stop Smoking” National Program is coordinated by the Institute of Pulmonology “Marius Nasta” and is funded by the Romanian Ministry of Health, being implemented in 6 centres across Romania. The program aims to give smokers access to a complete treatment program to help them quit smoking, according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization and similar programs at the international level. The “Stop Smoking” program results have so far been evaluated only in terms of success rate, namely the percentage of abstinent patients at the end of the program (about 60% of all enrolled) and six months after quitting (about 40%). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the National Program (“Stop Smoking”) as well as the impact of factors such as age, Fagerstrom score, number of cigarettes smoked daily, previous attempts to quit smoking, the number of months of abstinence in previous attempts and individual psychological counselling on the program performance. Results show that, in Bucharest centre, 74.8% of the total number of participants in the program was abstinent at the end of the program and 52.3% were abstinent six months after the conclusion of the program.Keywords: behavioural therapy, evidence-based cessation treatment, nicotine dependence, quitting tobacco How We See Motion Pictures. Illusion and Reality in the Perception of the Cinematographic Image [35]SILVIU ȘERBANABSTRACT: The study of motion perception is initially related to the prehistory of cinema. The Plateau’s apparatus, the phenakistoscope, shows up the classical theory, “the persistence of images on the retina”, that explains the movement perception through a phenomenon of the inertia of the retina. At the beginning of the 20th century, Max Wertheimer and Gestalt psychology initiate the paradigm shift in understanding the same process, but later, like Plateau’s explanation, Gestalt hypotheses are experimentally rejected. Nevertheless, subsequent discoveries reveal the existence of several types of motion perception. Moreover, what turns out to be even more interesting is that these new experimental results of psychologists complement the discourse of classical film theorists. Thus, both the logic of the evolution in understanding the movement perception and their correspondences with certain aspects of the classical film theory are subjects of this article.Keywords: phi phenomenon, long-range apparent motion, short-range apparent motion, long take, analytical montage The Educational System in Bulgaria in Conditions of Reform-Preserved Traditions and Innovations [65]Tamara DRAGANOVAABSTRACT: The article presents the educational system in Bulgaria in the conditions of educational reform after 2016. The normative and procedural frameworks are presented through content analysis, situational and conceptual analysis. Macro-models of the specifics of state educational standards, curricula are presented and the traditions and innovations in the educational system at different levels and normative dimensions are systematized.Keywords: educational system, educational reform, learning plans, Curricula, school education, normative framework, traditions and innovations, school subjects Linguistic Impact on Self-Awareness and Social Affiliation [75]Svilen STANCHEVVesela BELCHEVAABSTRACT: Along with its prime function as a means of human communication, language is also a factor with considerable impact in the spheres of human psychology and social behaviour – psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics have now been well established as innovative branches of linguistic research. In the first part of the paper we examine the role of human language on the4 systemic level with regard to the language – thought correlation and especially against the backdrop of the widely popular Sapir – Whorf Hypothesis. We touch on relativism and linguistic determinism and the impact of linguistically acquired thought patterns on the construal of one’s self-awareness. The second part of the paper tackles regional language variation i.e. deviations from the national norm and the elusive language vs. dialect divide, which has often fuelled morbid nationalism and has even served as casus belli for aggressive regimes.Keywords: language and thought, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, sapir-whorf hypothesis, nationalism, language vs. dialect